Introduced in 1961, the Canon 7 came at a very interesting time and amidst a conflagration of changes within the photographic world. Leica continued their dominance of 35mm rangefinders with their Leica M. Nikon had discontinued their popular line of rangefinder cameras in 1959 and had turned their attention to SLR design with the launch of the Nikon F. Canon had actually started to do the same with their Canonflex series. Despite this changing of the tides, Canon engineers had been steadily working away at a new rangefinder design to cap off Canon's line of M39-mount cameras and in 1961 they brought out the Canon 7, which would go on to be their best selling camera of the lineup and would even outsell all Nikon M39 rangefinders cameras combined.
Even though the Canon 7 uses the same M39 threadmount as previous Canon rangefinders, this was about the only thing it had in common. The Canon 7 design was very much of a blank slate and Canon took the opportunity to really build a camera that was top of the line and competitive in its contemporary market. Notably the Canon 7 utilized a combined rangefinder/viewfinder window, similar to the Leica M3. This window had selectable framelines for 35, 50, 135 and 85/100 each individually displayed except for the 85/100 setting which paired framelines in the finder. An additionally innovative touch was the framelines were labeled in the finder itself so you knew which focal length the camera was set to while focusing and composing.
The Canon 7 also incorporated a built-in, coupled light meter. The original 7 design used a selenium cell meter, while the later 7s (and 7sZ) had a battery-powered CdS meter. This meter had a cell on the front of the camera above the lens mount with a display on the camera top plate. The user would set their shutter speed then read the appropriate aperture setting and transfer that to the lens. It was a fairly fast and easy system to use and greatly increased the versatility of the camera.
The other big feature of the Canon 7 was the inclusion of a secondary lens mount. While the camera's main mount is the M39 threadmount, the Canon 7 featured an auxiliary bayonet mount around the threadmount. This second mount was specifically for the famed 50mm f0.95 "Dream" lens that Canon also released in 1961. This lens has gone on to become one of the most famous and sought-after lenses ever made. While it has frequently been adapted to other lens mounts, especially Leica M and digital, the Canon 7 was the camera it was originally intended for. It is worth noting that the rangefinder base of the Canon 7 was increased by about 50% over previous Canon models. This wider base helped give the camera's rangefinder increased accuracy which helped make focusing with telephoto lenses or the aforementioned Dream Lens much more accurate.
The Canon 7 was in production from 1961 until 1964, during which time it sold over 130,000 units. An astounding number for such a late camera. It was replaced by the Canon 7s which further refined the design of the original 7. Notably, the 7s replaced the selenium cell light meter with a battery-powered CdS light meter. The 7s also added an accessory shoe which the original 7 is infamously lacking. An interlock was also added to the door release to help prevent accidentally opening the camera while film was loaded. The Canon 7s was produced from 1965-1967 but only about 16,000 units were sold. There is a late version of the 7s that is often referred to as the 7sZ (or 7s Type 2) that was made from 1967-1968. The 7sZ is almost identical to the 7s, with a larger rewind knob (borrowed from the Canonflex cameras) and a new position for the RF adjustment screw. Only 4000 7sZ are reported to have been sold. Both the 7s and 7sZ are much less common compared to the original Canon 7.
Canon 50mm f0.95 "Dream Lens" - Sample Gallery
Focused accurately at f0.95, the Dream Lens creates a thin sliver of definition against a background thrown deeply out of focus. Even when focused correctly, the flare produced at maximum aperture creates a soft-focus effect that contributes to the lens’ ethereal quality. Focus and exposure bracketing are crucial when using the 50mm f0.95, as it is easy to over-expose at f0.95 even at 1/1000 in dim light.
Sometimes, it's hard to leave a good thing alone. Chefs work for years to perfect an already loved recipe. Musicians continue to work at their craft long after they've found a successful formula. And in the camera world, Canon's designers and engineers worked on improving the Canon 7 rangefinder, despite its achievements still being heralded. Even as camera manufacturers were moving to the increasingly popular SLR design, Canon continued to refine its M39 screw-mount bodies.
Launched in 1965 and based on the body design of the Canon 7, the 7s kept all of the parts that made the 7 so great: solid construction, framelines that could be selected easily, and a snappy feel that is unmistakably Canon. But it also improved on the design by adding an accessory shoe, made the meter dial a bit more compact, and upgraded the light meter to a CdS sensor powered by a PX-625 battery. The latter gave photographers a more accurate meter reading in low-light situations.
Yes, some people can't seem to leave well enough alone. Pick one up and see why the Canon 7s was considered by some to be the most advanced interchangeable lens rangefinder camera to date.
Olive drab Canon 7S
This Canon 7s was painted a lovely shade of olive green by its previous owner - a bold move that makes this machine quite unique. Even more amusing is that this Canon is sporting a Jupiter 85mm f2 lens and a Hoya UV filter, both of which were also painted a matching color.
Canon 7 With Canon 50mm f0.95 Dream Lens
When this Canon 50mm f0.95 lens hit our shop recently we knew we had to make a nice portrait of it and write up something on this extraordinary piece of glass. Because we like a good challenge, we are going to do so without using the "B-word" because pretty much every other review of this lens out there talks extensively about that and we honestly don't have any more to add on the subject than the plethora of other articles have already stated.⠀
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So what do you say about this lens? First off, if you are really into deep dives, go track down the book Canon M39 Rangefinder Lenses: 1939 - 1971 by Peter Kitchingman, which itself seems both tricky and expensive to get a hold of these days, but also will tell you everything you want to know about this lens' history and design. ⠀
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Introduced in 1961 and designed by Jirou Mukai (who along with Hiroshi Itoh were dubbed "Canon's Leica killers”) the f0.95 was the fastest lens made and held that title alone for several years before Leica introduced the Noctilux lens.⠀
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The 50mm f0.95 had a proprietary bayonet lens mount that was only present on the Canon 7 series of rangefinders. From what we could tell this is because the rear optic had to be so large that there was no room left for the traditional m39 thread mount, so a bayonet mount had to be built around it. Even more remarkable, the early versions of this lens actually have a notch cut out of that rear optic to allow for the rangefinder cam. It is a bit unsettling to see the cut-out rear optic when you are used to the normal round rear optic. This is important to note, because later versions of this lens meant for cine use do not have either the cut-out or the rangefinder cam, so if you pick one of those up hoping to adapt it to your Leica M, the process is going to be a bit more involved.⠀
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Speaking of focus, be very mindful of your rangefinder's accuracy when using this lens. Odds are you are going to want to shoot this lens wide open and f0.95 doesn't give you much depth of field, which means little margin for error when focusing. If you are going to use this on an original Canon 7 rangefinder or adapt it to Leica M, better calibrate that rangefinder!⠀
Canon 7
We hate to tease you but just imagine what you could do with this Canon 50mm f0.95 "dream lens" and a roll of Kodak Tmax 3200?
Canon 7 with 50mm f0.95 Lens
Speaking of really fast lenses with trimmed rear optics... Here's a Canon 7 with one of the more sought-after lenses ever - the Canon 50mm f0.95. Sitting there, it just soaks up light.